{"id":1673,"date":"2022-11-02T15:16:33","date_gmt":"2022-11-02T14:16:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/?p=1673"},"modified":"2022-11-12T21:28:59","modified_gmt":"2022-11-12T20:28:59","slug":"une-ia-capable-de-creer-des-images-a-partir-de-description-textuelles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/2022\/11\/02\/une-ia-capable-de-creer-des-images-a-partir-de-description-textuelles\/","title":{"rendered":"Une IA capable de cr\u00e9er des images \u00e0 partir de descriptions textuelles"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quand le robot WALL-E et l&rsquo;artiste Salvador Dal\u00ed se croisent :<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s1.eestatic.com\/2022\/06\/10\/omicrono\/software\/679192174_224991779_1706x960.jpg\" alt=\"La magia del algoritmo 'artista': DALL-E 2 te permite crear im\u00e1genes a  partir de cualquier texto\" width=\"531\" height=\"299\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e9voil\u00e9e le 5 janvier 2021 dans sa premi\u00e8re version, c&rsquo;est en avril 2022 qu&rsquo;est annonc\u00e9&nbsp;Dall-e&nbsp;2, une IA capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des images&nbsp;\u00e0&nbsp;partir d&rsquo;information textuelles avec une marge d&rsquo;erreur&nbsp;tr\u00e8s&nbsp;faible.&nbsp;\u00c9labor\u00e9e&nbsp;par l&rsquo;entreprise am\u00e9ricaine&nbsp;OpenAI&nbsp;bas\u00e9 en&nbsp;San&nbsp;Francisco, cette&nbsp;derni\u00e8re&nbsp;peut&nbsp;g\u00e9n\u00e9rer&nbsp;n&rsquo;importe&nbsp;quelle&nbsp;situation dans&nbsp;n&rsquo;importe&nbsp;quel style.&nbsp;Les exemples sont bluffant&nbsp;(\u00e0 souligner que ces images n&rsquo;existaient pas avant leur g\u00e9n\u00e9ration) :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Infinite staircases<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-2-1024x248.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1676\" width=\"547\" height=\"131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-2-1024x248.png 1024w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-2-300x73.png 300w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-2-768x186.png 768w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-2-604x146.png 604w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-2.png 1124w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 547px) 100vw, 547px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>A 3D rendering of an explorer in an abandoned temple<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-1-1024x250.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1675\" width=\"544\" height=\"132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-1-1024x250.png 1024w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-1-300x73.png 300w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-1-768x188.png 768w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-1-604x148.png 604w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-1.png 1130w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 544px) 100vw, 544px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>De telles prouesses sont&nbsp;possibles&nbsp;gr\u00e2ce&nbsp;au codage en&nbsp;GPT3&nbsp;(syst\u00e8me de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de texte)&nbsp;qui permet d&rsquo;\u00e9changer du texte en pixel.&nbsp;De plus,&nbsp;Dall-E&nbsp;2 utilise le \u00ab\u00a0Remplissage de Blanc\u00a0\u00bb.&nbsp;En effet, il arrive que dans certains textes demand\u00e9s, certaines choses ne soient pas dites explicitement, ainsi, l&rsquo;IA va elle-m\u00eame interpr\u00e9ter ses sous-entendus et les afficher sur le rendu final.&nbsp;Par exemple, si l&rsquo;on demande un coucher de soleil, l&rsquo;IA va comprendre par elle-m\u00eame que les ombres doivent \u00eatre rasantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Red\u00e9couvrir des \u0153uvres d&rsquo;art est des photos gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 Dall-E 2 ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N&rsquo;avez-vous jamais r\u00eav\u00e9 de restituer les contours d&rsquo;une photo de vacances ou d&rsquo;un tableau c\u00e9l\u00e8bre ?&nbsp;He bien, gr\u00e2ce&nbsp;\u00e0&nbsp;Dall-E&nbsp;2, cela devient possible.&nbsp;Voici ci-contre, quelques exemples :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.where2travel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/croatie-plivitche-cascade.jpg\" alt=\"Plus beaux paysages naturels \u00e0 d\u00e9couvrir en Europe\" width=\"474\" height=\"315\" \/><figcaption>image d&rsquo;origine<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1677\" width=\"349\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-3.png 382w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-3-300x245.png 300w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-3-331x270.png 331w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><figcaption><strong>image g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e agrandie<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.nationalgeographic.fr\/files\/styles\/image_3200\/public\/Main_Guernica_BAT-10313.jpg?w=1600&amp;h=900\" alt=\"https:\/\/static.nationalgeographic.fr\/files\/styles\/image_3200\/public\/Main_Guernica_BAT-10313.jpg?w=1600&amp;h=900\" width=\"490\" height=\"275\" \/><figcaption><strong>Gernica de Picasso<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1678\" width=\"642\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-4.png 809w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-4-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-4-768x270.png 768w, https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image-4-604x212.png 604w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 642px) 100vw, 642px\" \/><figcaption><strong>Gernica de Picasso g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 agrandi<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">C&rsquo;est plus que troublant de se rendre compte de la pr\u00e9cision de cette IA qui utilise des comp\u00e9tences purement humaines qui sont associ\u00e9es a l&rsquo;art&nbsp;(technique, esth\u00e9tique,&nbsp;etc&#8230;).&nbsp;Mais alors ou en est la limite ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les limites morales de cette IA :<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>En effet, n&rsquo;en somme nous pas l\u00e0 face \u00e0 un exemple de sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;IA envers l&rsquo;Homme ?&nbsp;Et bien non, car sans donn\u00e9es sur&nbsp;lesquelles&nbsp;s&rsquo;appuyer,&nbsp;Dall-E&nbsp;ne peux rien g\u00e9n\u00e9rer.&nbsp;De ce fait, si nous emp\u00eachions \u00e0 l&rsquo;IA d&rsquo;avoir acc\u00e8s aux \u0153uvres d&rsquo;art humaines, cette derni\u00e8re ne pourrait rien g\u00e9n\u00e9rer de logique.&nbsp;Ainsi, elle d\u00e9pend int\u00e9gralement de la cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9 humaine.&nbsp;Or, l&rsquo;art humain ne pourra jamais \u00eatre surpass\u00e9 dans un monde ou les intelligences artificielles cherchent \u00e0 \u00e9tablir des raisonnements concrets et infaillibles, et ce car :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>L&rsquo;\u0153uvre d&rsquo;art na\u00eet du renoncement de l&rsquo;intelligence \u00e0 raisonner le concret<\/p><cite>Albert Camus, Le Mythe de Sisyphe<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quand le robot WALL-E et l&rsquo;artiste Salvador Dal\u00ed se croisent : D\u00e9voil\u00e9e le 5 janvier 2021 dans sa premi\u00e8re version, c&rsquo;est en avril 2022 qu&rsquo;est annonc\u00e9&nbsp;Dall-e&nbsp;2, une IA capable de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des images&nbsp;\u00e0&nbsp;partir d&rsquo;information textuelles avec une marge d&rsquo;erreur&nbsp;tr\u00e8s&nbsp;faible.&nbsp;\u00c9labor\u00e9e&nbsp;par l&rsquo;entreprise am\u00e9ricaine&nbsp;OpenAI&nbsp;bas\u00e9 en&nbsp;San&nbsp;Francisco, cette&nbsp;derni\u00e8re&nbsp;peut&nbsp;g\u00e9n\u00e9rer&nbsp;n&rsquo;importe&nbsp;quelle&nbsp;situation dans&nbsp;n&rsquo;importe&nbsp;quel style.&nbsp;Les exemples sont bluffant&nbsp;(\u00e0 souligner que ces images n&rsquo;existaient pas avant leur g\u00e9n\u00e9ration) : Infinite staircases A 3D rendering of an explorer in an abandoned temple De telles prouesses sont&nbsp;possibles&nbsp;gr\u00e2ce&nbsp;au codage en&nbsp;GPT3&nbsp;(syst\u00e8me de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de texte)&nbsp;qui&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/2022\/11\/02\/une-ia-capable-de-creer-des-images-a-partir-de-description-textuelles\/\">Lire la suite<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> Lire la suite<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":61,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[137,58],"coauthors":[134],"class_list":["post-1673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualites","tag-ai","tag-cmi-2i2a"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/61"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1673"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1673\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1683,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1673\/revisions\/1683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1673"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmi-2i2a.univ-avignon.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=1673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}